| Single frond, South-west Scotland, late August |
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Close-up of mid section of frond, South-west Scotland, late August |
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| Close-up of lower section of frond, South-west Scotland, late August |
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Close-up of part of mid section of frond showing junction with rachis, South-west Scotland, late August |
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| Close-up of part of mid section of frond from above, showing junction with rachis, South-west Scotland, late August |
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Close-up of part of mid section of frond from above, showing junction with rachis, dark spot at base of pinnule. Note distinctive shape of base of pinnule on side next to rachis. South-west Scotland, late August |
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| Lower pinnae from above showing lowest basiscopic pinnule. South-west Scotland, late August |
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Lower pinnae showing lowest basiscopic pinnule. South-west Scotland, late August |
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| Lowest pinna showing lowest basiscopic pinnule. South-west Scotland, late August |
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Mid section of frond, underside showing scales and ripe sori. South-west Scotland, late August |
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| Underside of pinnae showing ripe sori. South-west Scotland, late August |
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Underside of pinnules showing ripe sori. South-west Scotland, late August |
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| Underside of pinnules showing ripe sori. South-west Scotland, late August |
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Underside of pinnules showing ripe sori. South-west Scotland, late August |
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| Underside of pinnules showing ripe sori. South-west Scotland, late August |
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Underside of pinnules showing sori - spores mostly dispersed. South-west Scotland, late August |
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| South-west Scotland, late August |
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South-west Scotland, late August |
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